Redox homeostasis is a critical cellular mechanism that is responsible for maintaining the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and removal within cells. Reactive oxygen species are highly reactive molecules that are produced during normal cellular metabolism and are involved in several cellular functions, such as cell signaling, proliferation, and differentiation. However, an excess of ROS can cause cellular damage and lead to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The redox homeostasis system relies on a complex network of antioxidant defense mechanisms, including enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione and vitamins C and E. These antioxidants work together to neutralize ROS and prevent oxidative damage. Imbalances in redox homeostasis are associated with a variety of pathological conditions. For example, increased ROS production and decreased antioxidant defense mechanisms are common in many diseases, such as diabetes, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. On the other hand, excessive antioxidant supplementation can also lead to imbalances in redox homeostasis, as the body requires a delicate balance of ROS and antioxidants for proper physiological function. Therefore, maintaining redox homeostasis is crucial for preventing and managing several diseases. Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors such as exercise, diet, and stress management can significantly affect redox homeostasis in both positive and negative ways. Therefore, interventions that target the redox homeostasis system, such as antioxidant therapy, have been explored as potential treatments for various diseases. In conclusion, redox homeostasis is a critical cellular mechanism responsible for balancing ROS production and removal. Imbalances in redox homeostasis are associated with numerous diseases, and interventions that target this system are being explored as potential treatments. With a growing understanding of the redox signaling system, it is likely that new therapeutic interventions targeting redox homeostasis will emerge in the coming years.